Systems Engineering Approach
Building a satellite involves complex systems that need careful planning and integration. Here are some key concepts of systems engineering that will guide your CubeSat development:
1. Understanding Systems Engineering
- Systems engineering is the interdisciplinary approach to designing and managing complex systems.
- It focuses on understanding the entire system, from design and development to testing and operation, ensuring that all parts work together to meet the mission goals.
2. Defining Requirements
- Start by defining your satellite’s mission and operational goals.
- Understand the system’s constraints, such as size, weight, power, and budget, and define technical requirements to meet them.
3. Subsystems Integration
- Satellites consist of multiple subsystems such as power, communication, and attitude control. Systems engineering ensures that all subsystems integrate seamlessly.
- Learn how these subsystems interact and contribute to the overall mission’s success.
4. Risk Management
- Identify potential risks early in the development process and implement strategies to mitigate them.
- Regular testing, reviews, and simulations help identify weak points and prevent system failures.
flowchart TD
A["Mission Planning\n(Objectives, Roles, Timeline)"] --> B["System Design\n(Subsystem Specs, Interface Definitions)"]
B --> C["Hardware Development\n(PCBs, Integration)"]
B --> D["Software Development\n(OBC, COM, EPS Logic)"]
C --> E["Testing\n(Unit, Functional, Integration)"]
D --> E
E --> F["Simulation & Verification\n(In-lab Testing, Ground Station Link)"]
F --> G["Launch Preparation\n(Docs, Reviews, Approval)"]
G --> H["Launch & Operations\n(Data Collection, Monitoring)"]
style A fill:#c3e5ff,stroke:#005596,stroke-width:2px
style B fill:#e8f5ff,stroke:#0077b6,stroke-width:1.5px
style C fill:#f5faff,stroke:#0096c7
style D fill:#f5faff,stroke:#00b4d8
style E fill:#e0fbfc,stroke:#0077b6
style F fill:#d0f0ff,stroke:#005596
style G fill:#caf0f8,stroke:#0077b6
style H fill:#ade8f4,stroke:#023e8a
What are the phases of a satellite?
The development and deployment of a satellite involve a series of carefully structured phases to ensure the mission’s success. From initial concept discussions to final pre-launch verifications, these phases guide teams through designing, building, and testing the satellite to meet stringent space industry standards.
Each phase acts as a checkpoint to confirm that requirements are met and potential risks are mitigated. Understanding the phases - including the
- Mission Definition Review (MDR),
- Preliminary Design Review (PDR),
- Critical Design Review (CDR), and
- Flight Readiness Review (FRR)
gantt
title Satellite Milestones
dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
section Mission concept
MDR :milestone, crit, a2, 2014-01-23, 4d
A task :crit, done, a1, 2014-01-20, 9d
section Bus + Payload dev. & testing
PDR :milestone, crit, a3, 2014-02-3, 4d
another task :active, 2014-01-20 , 31d
section EM integration & testing
CDR :milestone, crit, 2014-02-20, 4d
another task : 2014-02-12 , 12d
section Software dev.
FM :milestone, crit, 2014-03-09, 4d
another task :active, 2014-02-03 , 38d
section FM integration & testing
another task :2014-02-26 , 15d
section GS software revision
another task :after a3, 30d
section End-to-End test
another task : 2014-03-01, 13d
section Operation plan
another task : 2014-03-04, 12d
section Freq. coord. IARU
another task : crit, active, after a2, 53d
section Satellite delivery
another task : 2014-03-16,12d
section Launch
another task : 5d
section Operation
another task : 10d
section Disposal
These phases create a structured pathway from conceptualization to launch, with each review and testing stage serving as a critical checkpoint. The MDR sets the scope, the PDR checks the initial design feasibility, the CDR finalizes the detailed design, and FRR ensures that the satellite is robust and mission-ready. This structured approach helps in mitigating risks, ensuring quality, and promoting mission success.
With this foundational knowledge, you’ll be better equipped to dive into the satellite-building process. The next step is to select the path that best fits your experience level and start building!